UHF RFID tags: textile, labels, on-metal and hard tags

UHF RFID tags are passive identifiers based on EPC Class 1 Gen 2 (ISO/IEC 18000-63); dozens of tags can be read in a single pass without line of sight. Tag type determines read stability: the same label behaves differently on cardboard, metal and damp fabric. We select and supply tags for each project after testing them on your products and surfaces.

Textile and laundry tags

A flexible textile tag is sewn into an item and remains there throughout its service life, withstanding industrial washing, drying and ironing cycles. Service life depends on the model and processing conditions, so we confirm it through testing rather than relying on one catalogue figure. Flexible sew-in tags have an operating temperature range of −40 to +100 °C.

Attachment methods:

  • sewing into a seam or hem — the primary method for linen, uniforms and workwear;
  • heat sealing — press application without opening a seam;
  • hard “button” tags М18/М25 (Ø18–25 mm; PPS; IP67 confirmed for common Ø18–20 versions) — sewn on or fastened through a hole for demanding processing conditions;
  • silicone tags approximately 55×12 mm (IP68) — sealed construction for aggressive chemicals.

Sew-in tape sizes range from 36×11 to 75×15 mm, with 70×18 also available. Common formats include the М58 sew-in tape (58×15 mm) and М70 tape (70×15 mm). The approximate read range is 1.5–6 m, depending on tag size, reader and antenna. Dry textiles read better than damp ones, which is taken into account when selecting a control point.

The main advantage is group reading: a trolley or bag of linen passes through a portal and the system captures hundreds of items without manual counting. See RFID implementation for textiles for the complete workflow and How to Select a Laundry UHF RFID Tag for the pre-procurement test method. A ready-made textile tag is available from the Alpha-Star store.

Types of UHF RFID tags

Type Code Example sizes Read range* Construction Suitable surfaces
Textile / laundry М58, М70, М18, М25 tapes from 36×11 to 75×15 mm; “buttons” Ø18–25 mm ~1.5–6 m textile tape, silicone, PPS; IP67–IP68 for hard tags linen, workwear, uniforms, textiles
Printable labels М74, М54, М76 44×18, 74×20, 54×41, 76×25 mm 1–15 m (up to 18 m for some versions) paper, polypropylene, polyester; self-adhesive, for thermal-transfer printing cardboard, plastic and glass: boxes, pallets, archives
On-metal М45, М92 flexible 60×25–65×35 mm; hard tags from 10×5 to 200×30 mm from 0.4–1 m (mini) to 10–12 m or more PET with spacer, PCB, ABS; IP63–IP68, including high-temperature versions metal: equipment, tools, racking, machinery
Industrial hard tags tags 41×22–116×49 mm; discs from Ø20 mm and tags up to 48×36 mm up to ~7 m (depending on type) PVC, ABS, PPS, silicone; IP65–IP68 pallets, returnable containers, timber, aggressive environments

* Read ranges are typical market values and depend on the reader, antenna and surface; project performance is confirmed by testing.

BizData codes are our designations for standard selection configurations and are confirmed during project estimation.

All tag types operate under EPC Class 1 Gen 2 / ISO/IEC 18000-63 in the 860–960 MHz band. Kazakhstan uses the European ETSI 865–868 MHz frequency plan. Tags tuned only for FCC 902–928 MHz (USA) have a shorter range in this band, so we check the regional version during selection. The standard is explained in our article on EPC Gen2 and ISO/IEC 18000-63.

How to choose a tag

  1. Surface. Metal requires an on-metal version with a spacer or hard enclosure; fabric requires a textile tag; cardboard and plastic suit printable labels.
  2. Environment. Washing, moisture, chemicals, heat and frost narrow the choice to hard and laundry tags with the appropriate IP rating and temperature range.
  3. Read range and tag density. The smaller the tag, the shorter the range: from tens of centimetres for mini tags to 10 m or more for long hard tags.
  4. Attachment. Adhesive, sewing, screws, cable ties or heat sealing all affect tag durability as much as the tag material itself.
  5. Printing and encoding. Polypropylene and paper labels are thermal-transfer printed, and the EPC is encoded during printing on an RFID printer. Hard on-metal tags cannot pass through a conventional label printer.

For a detailed explanation of these criteria, read How to Select an RFID Tag.

Typical applications

  • Laundry, hotel or medical centre — sew-in tags and a portal at issue points allow linen and workwear to be counted in batches. See RFID for textiles.
  • Warehouse and logistics — printable labels on boxes and pallets support receiving and shipping through bulk reading. See RFID for warehouses.
  • Asset and equipment tracking — on-metal tags identify equipment, servers and tools. See asset tracking and RFID inventory.
  • Vehicles and parking — windscreen tags and driver cards support vehicle identification and parking access.

Before procuring a batch, we test candidate tags on your products in the RFID laboratory or during an on-site pilot.

Questions and answers

How many wash cycles can a laundry tag withstand?

Service life depends on the model, washing, extraction, drying and ironing conditions, and the chemicals used. We verify the manufacturer's stated values through testing in your actual cycle; the method is described in our article on selecting a laundry tag.

Why does a conventional label not read on metal?

Metal reflects the signal and detunes the tag antenna. On-metal versions are designed for direct installation on metal: a spacer or enclosure creates a gap and stabilises reading, allowing ranges of 10–12 m or more on metal.

Can a barcode and text be printed on a UHF tag?

Yes. Paper and polypropylene labels can be thermal-transfer printed, and the EPC is encoded during printing on an RFID printer. Hard on-metal and industrial tags cannot pass through a conventional printer, so they are laser-marked or ordered with pre-applied markings.

Which frequency is required in Kazakhstan?

The European ETSI 865–868 MHz plan. Most tags are produced for the broad 860–960 MHz range, but a version tuned only for FCC 902–928 MHz has a shorter range in the ETSI band. We check regional tuning during selection.

Select tags for your project

Send us a list of the items to be tagged, including their surface, environment and required range. We will propose two or three tag types, test samples in the laboratory and provide a test report. Ready-made tags and equipment are available from the Alpha-Star store.

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